Restoration Works at Cabrera Castle to Improve Safety and Preserve History

Why is Cabrera Castle so important?

The castle is Cabrera’s most important heritage site. It’s been declared a Cultural Interest Asset due to its great historical and archaeological value, and is the main symbol of the National Park. Over the centuries, it has suffered damage and been rebuilt several times; the last major restoration was in the 1970s. Since then, the sandstone has been significantly worn down due to exposure to wind and sea. This is why work is now underway to restore damaged structures that pose a risk, including for visitors.

What’s the main goal of this restoration?

The aim is to ensure that the most damaged parts are in a safe condition, and also to protect this important scenic and ethnographic asset. The investment is fully justified by the need to ensure visitor safety and the castle’s conservation. It’s complex yet essential work.

What would’ve happened if this work didn’t take place?

There’s no official report quantifying the damage, but the first report we received from the Department for Architecture had warned of the risk of collapse in several areas. Some parts were inaccessible, such as the way up to the top floor and the old storerooms. If we didn’t make these improvements, it was very likely that certain parts inside or outer walls would’ve collapsed.

One of the biggest challenges has been erosion and humidity. How are these issues being addressed?

Erosion, humidity and salts are unavoidable in such an exposed environment, but they can be mitigated. Damaged pieces are replaced by quality sandstone from quarries elsewhere in Mallorca. Cabrera’s own quarries are not suitable. Hydraulic lime mortar is being used with the aim of making the new parts last as long as possible. We expect the restored parts to remain in good condition for more than thirty years before another restoration is required.

The oceanic climate also complicates conservation. What measures are planned?

You can’t fight the natural elements. The castle is in a highly exposed area, and that’s exactly what was intended when it was built: a defence tower that could be seen from all around. For this reason, it’s not possible to use the modern techniques used in civil buildings, such as insulation or air-conditioning. These systems can’t be installed in BIC buildings because they’d impact their authenticity.

Why’s it so important to use traditional materials such as sandstone or hydraulic lime?

Because it’s a matter of avoiding false history. We can’t use concrete, asphalt or iron, because they’re not compatible with heritage assets. Traditional methods are more consistent with the building’s origin and are very efficient from a construction point of view. The aim is for the restoration to capture ancient methods as far as possible, while maintaining the castle’s integrity.

Nevertheless, some modern materials are being used. Where does this apply?

Only to parts that need it for safety reasons. For example, guard rails are being replaced by stainless steel railings fixed in place with epoxy resin. In the past, anchoring them directly to the sandstone damaged the blocks. This technique now ensures safety without affecting the original structure. This exception is justified for visitors’ protection.

Which government bodies and experts are involved in the project?

This project is being finance with ITS funds and is led by the region itself, but several other institutions are also involved: the Ministry of Defence, which owns the castle; the Ministry of Culture; and Mallorca Island Council. A technical committee was set up at the very beginning to oversee the progress of the work, and will meet again to assess execution.

What’s the total investment and which stage is the project currently in?

The initial investment was €860,000, but the pandemic stalled the process and led to an overall increase in costs. The total figure is currently around €1.5 million. Preliminary assessments have already been carried out: archaeological and historical studies, surface restoration, topographic surveys and drone flights. An exhibition on the history of the castle has also been introduced. At the moment, we have the basic design and execution plan; we’re just waiting for the final funding to put the work out to tender. The deadline for completion is June 2028.

Are there any information campaigns planned for visitors?

Yes. The project includes a permanent exhibition that’s already been installed in the castle’s covered hall, with backlit panels that explain its history and each stage of the restoration work carried out. Moreover, the usual guided tours of the National Park will still be available and an outdoor reception area will be set up to better manage groups at peak times.

How will conservation be ensured in the face of greater visitor numbers?

The castle is accessed via the original spiral staircase, which is too narrow for two-way traffic. For this reason, a waiting/reception area has been proposed to prevent hold-ups and make visits smoother. This simple measure will help protect both the building and the visitor experience.

How will this restoration improve the visitor experience and heritage value of Cabrera?

The castle is the first thing you can see on arriving at the port, and the most popular site in the park. This restoration will really improve the safety and understanding of the site. The new informational features and condition of the building itself will allow visitors to get a better sense of its history and defensive role. I’m sure visitors will appreciate it and understand the effort involved in protecting such an important symbol of Cabrera and the history of the Balearic Islands.